<b>Purpose</b><br/>Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is widely used for managing renal angiomyolipoma (AML) to prevent hemorrhage and control symptoms while preserving renal function. However, the optimal embolic material remains undetermined due to limited comparative data. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of ethanol-based embolization versus polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and to evaluate additional benefits of microcoil use in ethanol-based treatments. <br/><b>Materials and Methods</b><br/> We retrospectively analyzed 119 patients with single renal AML who underwent TAE at two tertiary centers between 2005 and 2023. Patients were grouped into ethanol-based (ethanol alone or ethanol plus microcoil, n = 93) and PVA (n = 26) cohorts. Subgroup analysis compared ethanol alone (n = 24) versus ethanol plus microcoil (n = 69). Inverse probability treatment weighting and linear mixed-effects models were used to assess tumor volume reduction and treatment response (≥50% volume reduction). <br/><b>Results</b><br/>After adjustment, the ethanol group demonstrated significantly greater tumor volume reduction than the PVA group at 6 and 12 months (adjusted mean difference = –23.9%, p = 0.002; –23.1%, p = 0.001) and a higher response rate (92.1% vs. 78.4%, p = 0.043). In the subgroup analysis, ethanol plus microcoil achieved higher response (91.3% vs. 73.8%; OR, 3.73; p = 0.038) and lower recurrence (7.1% vs. 30.2%; OR, 0.18; p = 0.008) compared with ethanol alone. <br/><b>Conclusion</b><br/>Ethanol-based embolization provides superior tumor control compared to PVA in renal AML, and the addition of microcoils enhances early volume reduction and reduces recurrence, supporting its use as an effective treatment strategy.

<b>Purpose</b><br/>Tumor location influences the effectiveness and safety of RFA. This study evaluated RFA outcomes as first-line therapy for HCC <3 cm, focusing on tumor location impact. <br/><b>Materials and Methods</b><br/>In this retrospective cohort study, 281 patients with newly diagnosed HCC <3 cm in up to three lesions treated with RFA between 2003 and 2019 were analyzed. The tumor location was categorized as superficial (outer third), mid-portion (middle third), or deep (near vena cava), using an imaginary line from the liver surface to the vena cava. Perivascular tumors were defined as those abutting portal or hepatic veins. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) among location groups was compared with risk factors analyzed via Cox regression. <br/><b>Results</b><br/>Patients (mean age, 61.1 ± 11.1 years) were predominantly male (73.3%), hepatitis B virus surface antigen–positive (66.2%), and of Child-Pugh class A (97.5%). Deep tumors had shorter RFS than superficial/mid-portion tumors (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.20 to 2.93; p = 0.005), as did perivascular versus non-perivascular tumors (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.16 to 3.00; p = 0.008). Group C (deep + perivascular, n = 10) had shorter RFS than group A (no risk factors: HR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.50 to 6.45; p = 0.002) and group B (one risk factor: HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.40; p = 0.028). Multivariable analysis identified tumor depth, perivascular location, size >2 cm, creatinine, and prothrombin time as independent predictors of shorter RFS. <br/><b>Conclusion</b><br/>Tumor depth and proximity to vasculature independently predict RFS in small HCCs treated with RFA, highlighting the role of tumor location in determining patient prognosis.

<b>Purpose</b><br/>The use of adhesive-pad stabilization devices (SDs) instead of suture fixation (SF) may affect dislocation or infection rates. This study aimed to investigate the impact of SDs compared with SF for securing central venous catheters (CVCs). <br/><b>Materials and Methods</b><br/>This multicenter retrospective study was conducted in three tertiary institutions. Two institutions secured CVCs using sutures, whereas one used SDs, between February 2021 and July 2022. Rates of inadvertent dislocation and central line– associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) were compared using incidence rate ratios (IRRs) from Poisson regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis after propensity-score matching. Factors associated with dislocation and CLABSI were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards analysis. <br/><b>Results</b><br/>A total of 2,110 patients (1,045 female; median age, 61 years [IQR, 50 to 72]) underwent CVC placement (SD, 854; SF, 1,256). After propensity-score matching (455 SD, 666 SF), dislocation occurred more frequently in the SD group (5.85 vs. 2.17 per 1,000 catheter-days; IRR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.36 to 5.34). CLABSI occurred less frequently in the SD group (IRR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.54). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed similar results. In multivariable analysis, SD was an independent risk factor for dislocation (adjusted HR [aHR], 2.23; 95% CI, 1.11 to 4.48). SD use showed a protective trend against CLABSI but did not reach statistical significance (aHR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.13 to 1.82). When dislocation was modeled as a competing event, this protective association reached statistical significance (subdistribution HR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.66). <br/><b>Conclusion</b><br/>Securement of CVCs with SDs was associated with a higher rate of catheter dislocation. Although SD use was associated with lower CLABSI rates, this finding requires further validation.